Outsource your payroll management

Every small business owner runs through one problem – the absence of a proper human resources system to manage the various important aspects of your company. An HR is responsible for numerous things such as recruitment, training, manpower management, payroll management and whatnot. In some SME’s, all this work is being done by one person only. Naturally that person needs all the help he or she can have.

I think one of the most important aspect of HR is manpower and payroll management. Here’s an article on ehow explaining pay roll. Imagine your salary coming 1 day late every month. Or a wrong cheque amount being made. Or, Sometimes it may happen, one of your employees receiving a salary much higher than what he should be getting. That’s money from your pocket right?

Payroll management itself covers a lot of different aspects such as calculating an employees salary, deducting taxes, and disbursing the salaries amongst your employees. It sounds simple, but multiply this work by the number of people you have in your organization and you would know how much time is being spent on payroll management.

So here’s my advice for Small business managers & owners. First learn the payroll management process. Secondly, try to find some good softwares which do your payroll calculation for you. That’s the best action you can take. If you have an external software / service managing your payroll, all you have to do is confirm your action and your payrolls will be taken care of. Sweet isn’t it? Imagine the amount of time you would be saving.

I browsed around the internet and came across Intuit. Intuit is an online payroll calculator. You can do online payroll management through their payroll software known as quickbooks and you can do offline payroll management through outsourcing all your payroll activities to their customer care centre. The payrolls will be provided at the right time with the proper amount.

There may be many other softwares but I found the layout and usability of Intuit to be very good. Plus it helps you in paying your contractors too. So that is an added advantage. Overall, an online payroll calculator will lessen your workload (especially if you have only one person handling all different activities of an HR).

Graduate Scholarship Program from The World Bank Institute

The mission of the World Bank Group is to reduce poverty and improve living standards through sustainable development and investment in people. The World Bank Institute (WBI) is at the forefront of the Bank's efforts to promote learning and deliver to the stakeholders, the best thinking and experience emerging from around the world on issues crucial to reform and socio-economic development.

Through its management of the Joint Japan/World Bank Graduate Scholarship Program (JJ/WBGSP) and the Robert S. McNamara Fellowships Program (RSM Fellowships), WBI supplements its training programs by providing opportunities for graduate study to promising professionals from developing member countries.

The objective of the Scholarship and Fellowship Programs is to help create an international community of highly-trained professionals working in the field of economic and social development. The community will actively participate in the capacity building efforts in the developing countries.

Respective candidates are encouraged to carefully go through both the JJ/WBGSP and RSM Fellowships and review the eligibility criteria. For the JJ/WBGSP Regular Program and RSM Fellowships candidates apply directly to the Secretariat at the World Bank Headquarters. For both the Partnership Programs the respective host universities should be contacted.
Eligibility
To apply for a JJ/WBGSP scholarship under the Regular Program, an applicant must:

* Be a national of a World Bank member country eligible to borrow.
* Be born after March 31, 1970.
* Have, by March 31, 2010, at least 2, preferably 4 to 5, years of recent full time professional experience acquired after a university degree, in the applicant’s home country or in another developing country.
* Hold a bachelor's degree or its equivalent.
* Be in good health.
* Be of good character.
* Not be a permanent resident or a national of any industrialized country.
* Not be residing in an industrialized country for more than one year.
* Not be an Executive Director, his/her alternate, staff of the World Bank Group (the World Bank, International Finance Corporation, International Development Association, Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, and International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes), consultant, or relative of the aforementioned.

Program of Study

* Eligible applicants should propose a program of study related to development at the master's level, in fields such as economics, health, education, agriculture, environment, natural resource management, or other development‑related subject.
* The proposed program of study should start during the academic year 2010/2011 for a maximum duration of two years. The JJ/WBGSP does not support applicants who are already enrolled (i.e., taking classes) in graduate degree programs.
* Applicants should submit evidence of current unconditional admission to at least one development-related university master’s degree program. Applicants are encouraged to apply to one of the Preferred Universities.
* The Program does not support studies in the applicant’s home country.
* The Program does not support applicants for MBA, MDs, M.Phil. or Ph.D. degrees.
* The Program does not support legal studies such as J.D., L.L.M. or S.J.D. except for L.L.M.’s related to human rights, environment, or good governance.
Selection Criteria

Eligible applications are assessed according to three main factors: academic excellence, professional experience, and relevance of program of study. Priority is given to candidates from the public sector with a high potential to impact the development in their own countries after completion of their studies. To the extent permitted by Program requirements and selection standards, the JJ/WBGSP:

* seeks to maintain a reasonably wide geographical distribution of awards and gives priority to applicants from low-income countries
* supports promising female candidates
* gives priority to those candidates who, other things equal, have limited financial resources
Special Conditions

* In accepting the JJ/WBGSP scholarship, candidates commit themselves to return to and work in their home countries after completion of their studies.
* In accepting this scholarship, candidates consent to the employment restriction policy of the JJ/WBGSP and acknowledge that they will not be able to work at the World Bank Group or IMF for three years after completion of their academic program.

How to Apply

To apply for a JJ/WBGSP scholarship under the Regular Program, an applicant must read carefully the application procedure as outlined in this website.

GOOD LUCK!
[by Andy Laver Sirait]
Sumber: www.financeindonesia.org

Wednesday, January 27, 2010

Sato International Scholarship Foundation

The Sato International Scholarship Foundation grants two types of scholarship for self-supporting students from ASEAN countries as well as Southwest Asian countries enrolled in a Japanese undergraduate or graduate institution:

1. Scholarship for Self-Supporting Students
2. Scholarship for Short-Term Exchange Students.

Students from the Following Countries are Eligible to Apply: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand, East Timor, Vietnam

Scholarship for Self-Supporting Students: The applicant must be residing in Japan, enrolled in or accepted to a legitimate program. Please apply through the students’ office of your university.

Amount of Scholarship

* Undergraduate students: 120,000 yen/month
* Graduate students: 180,000 yen/month（ plus additional support to cover cost for attending conferences ）

Duration of Scholarship: 2 years
Number of Scholarships Granted: Around 25 students will be accepted.

Eligibility
The applicant must be a citizen from the aforesaid countries, who does not hold Japanese citizenship and must be enrolled in a Japanese undergraduate or graduate institution, under the jurisdiction of the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.
The applicant must also fulfill the following requirements:

1. Does not receive any sort of scholarship or funding from other parties.
2. Holds legal residence status as a college student.
3. Have interest in promoting international understanding and friendship, and is able to attend SISF meetings (meetings are held 6 times/year).
4. Does not have a parent employed in Japan.
5. Does not hold a doctorate degree.
6. Is enrolled in a program with more than 1 year left until graduation/completion (from April 2009). This restriction does not apply to doctorate program.

Scholarship for Short-Term Exchange Students: This scholarship is provided to students who are recommended by those designated universities that have secured an agreement of recommendation with the Sato International Scholarship Foundation. Scholarship as well as travel fee to Japan is provided to those students from the aforesaid countries who will study in Japan on a short term based on the agreement among universities for study exchange.

Amount of Scholarship: 100,000 yen/month

Duration of Scholarship: Over 6 months, up to 10 months; however scholarship terminates upon completion of the program.

Designated Universities: The University of Electro-Communications, University of Tokyo, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, University of Tsukuba, J.F. Oberlin University, Rikkyo University.


Address: Asahi Seimei Ebisu Building 11th Floor
1-3-1 Ebisu, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan , Postal Code 150-0013
Telephone: (81) 3-5789-2190 , Fax: (81) 3-5420-5682

Moreinfo: http://sisf.or.jp/eng/index.php?opti...d=19&Itemid=36
Sumber: www.financeindonesia.org

Friday, January 22, 2010

Business School with Scholarship in JAPAN

Too good to be true? Well, good news for you..it is true.

The name of the school is International University of Japan (IUJ) Business School which located in Niigata prefecture, about 200 km from Tokyo. It was started in 1988 in collaboration with the Amos Tuck School of Business Administration at Dartmouth College, USA, becoming the first U.S. style business school in Japan. Built upon an English-based curriculum which focuses on the comparative analysis of global issues from a Japan-Asia perspective, while also adhering to the high standards set for a global MBA education, the IUJ Business School has established itself as a leading graduate business school in Japan and Asia Pacific.

IUJ's Business School appears as the top Japanese business school in most recent rankings of Asia-Pacific region and Japan. QS ranked IUJ first in Japan in its "Global Top Business Schools 2009: The Employers’ Choice." "Nikkei Career Magazine," one of the most widely read career development magazines in Japan, announces business school rankings annually. IUJ was ranked third in the "MBA rankings in Japan" in 2009. For 7 consecutive years, IUJ has been the only Business School in Japan to be included in the prestigious Economist Intelligence Unit’s "Top-100 Business Schools of the World" rankings, and is among only a handful of Asian Business Schools in the Economist’s Top-100. According to the ranking in 2009, IUJ is placed 85th in the world and 8th in the Asia-Pacific Region in the overall ranking.

If you are interested to study at the IUJ Business School in 2010, you can check the complete Admission Schedules at here. Regarding the scholarship, IUJ grants S.Nakayama Scholarships to qualified non-Japanese applicants. Applicants can also apply for scholarship programs provided by outside organizations such as ADB (Asian Development Bank), IDB (Inter-American Development Bank), MIF (The Matsushita International Foundation) and AEON (AEON 1% Club), if they qualify for such scholarship programs. For more details and how to apply, please refer to the IUJ Scholarship Guidelines for Non-Japanese Applicants.

Hope you can experience the amazing program that IUJ offers, good luck!

*Andy Laver Sirait,The writer is an alumni of IUJ, Class of 2004. During his time as student there, he was the President of IUJ's Graduate Student Organization and Teaching Assistant for two Accounting subjects.

Sumber: www.financeindonesia.org

Wednesday, January 20, 2010

The Fujitsu Scholarship at JAIMS, Hawaii

The Fujitsu Scholarship supports your development as a global leader by funding your participation in the East-West Knowledge Leaders Program. The EWKLP has a three-month curriculum, which synthesizes the best practices of both the East and West. You will sharpen your global management knowledge and skills, and build the confidence necessary for success in global business situations.

EWKLP is run by JAIMS, in Honolulu, Hawaii. Fujitsu established JAIMS as a nonprofit postgraduate institute in 1972. Many Fujitsu Scholarship recipients are now working for corporate and social-service organizations across the globe. As a EWKLP graduate, you too will become a member of a vibrant global alumni network.


Qualifications
In addition to qualifying for the Fujitsu Scholarship, you must also qualify for admission to JAIMS' EWKLP. For complete EWKLP information, refer to the EWKLP Application Packet contained at the bottom of the Application Checklist section. Fujitsu Scholarship qualifications include the following:

1. A bachelor's degree or a degree equivalent to a four-year standard baccalaureate degree in any discipline from a regionally or nationally accredited institution.
2. Cumulative grade point average of 3.0 on a 4.0 scale.
3. A minimum TOEFL score of 577/233/90 (paper/computer/Internet), TOEIC score of 750, or IELTS overall band test result of 6.5 or higher from tests taken between March 2008 and March 2010. Applicants who received a bachelor's degree or an advanced degree with at least two years of full-time coursework within the last five years from a regionally accredited institution in the United States, Australia, United Kingdom, or New Zealand; or from a university in Canada, Africa or Singapore, where English is the language of instruction are exempt from taking the TOEFL, TOEIC, or IELTS.
4. A minimum of three years of relevant full-time work experience (five years preferred) at the time of application.
5. To qualify for the Fujitsu Scholarship, applicants must be a resident of the state of Hawaii, U.S.A., or a citizen of one of the following countries: Australia, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, or Vietnam.

Benefits

The Fujitsu Scholarship benefits include tuition and fees for the EWKLP program. Other benefits, which vary in amount each year, are also included.

• Tuition and Fees for the EWKLP
• Stipend Toward Living Expenses *
  *Applicants from the following countries/areas are not eligible to receive the monthly stipend: Australia, Hawaii, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan.
• Airfare:
  Fujitsu Ltd. will provide a round-trip air ticket to cover transportation from the participant's home country to Honolulu, and back. The selection of the air carrier and travel agent, including itinerary, is at the discretion of Fujitsu Ltd. In the event the participant wishes to change and/or expand the route and/or the period of stay, Fujitsu Ltd. reserves the right to withhold the original ticket.
• Health Insurance:
  Fujitsu Ltd. will provide medical insurance that covers a portion of the participant's medical expenses during the program period. The participant pays `ll medical expenses not covered by the medical insurance. The selection of the medical insurance plan is at the discretion of Fujitsu Ltd.
• Housing Arrangements:
  JAIMS will assist in locating appropriate housing in Honolulu for all participants. Fujitsu Ltd. will provide and pay for participant accommodations in Japan.
• Visa Arrangements:
  When applicable, participants will be assisted in obtaining the F-1 Student visa to enter the U.S. EWKLP participants will be assisted with the appropriate visa to enter Japan, if necessary. The expense of obtaining the visa is the financial responsibility of the participant.

Application Process

1. Download the Fujitsu Scholarship Application Packet from the bottom of the Application Checklist.
2. If you are unable to do so, please request the application packets through your local Fujitsu Limited affiliated office. You can find your local affiliate from this list here.
3. Complete and submit all documents listed on the Application Checklist.
4. Deadline for submission: March 19, 2010
   Applicants who fail to submit all documents by the due date cannot be considered.
   Submitted application documents will not be returned to applicants.
5. Submit all application materials to:
   Fujitsu Hawaii Representative Office
   c/o JAIMS
   6660 Hawaii Kai Drive
   Honolulu, HI 96825
   U.S.A.

For complete information and more details, please check the official website.Sumber: www.financeindonesia.org

Monday, January 18, 2010

China – AUN Scholarship 2010

China-AUN Scholarship 2010 is now open for new applications. Please see attached the details and guideline for scholarship application.

Applicants may apply online at http://laihua.csc.edu.cn/ or download application forms for Chinese Government Scholarship from CSC’s website at http://en.csc.edu.cn/laihua/default.aspx?cid=277

After completing online application, kindly print out two copies of applications.

Kindly prepare other supporting documents as required (see scholarship details).

Please send the package of application documents, including copies of applications, to AUN Secretariat Office at:
Mr. Raksit Waropas
Office of the AUN Secretariat
Room 210, Jamjuree 1 Building
Chulalongkorn University
Phayathai Rd., Bangkok 10330
THAILAND
Tel: + 66 2 2153640 ext. 0
Email: raksit@ aun-sec.org

*Please submit your applications by 19 April 2010.
Sumber: www.financeindonesia.org

Siam Cement Group (SCG) Foundation Scholarship Program

Siam Cement Group (SCG) Foundation Scholarship Program

*Deadline: March 31st, 2010*

The SCG Foundation is pleased to grant up to 6 full scholarships for individuals wishing to study at the Master of Arts Program in International Development Studies (MAIDS) at Chulalongkorn University for the upcoming 2010-2011 academic year.

Please note that in previous years the scholarship was limited to full-time government employees or civil servants, but it is now open to non-governmental workers, students, and other individuals with a background in development, as well as government employees.

1. Eligibility (6 Scholarships)

Scholarships are open to government workers, non-profit sector employees, students and other individuals with a background in development from each of the following Southeast Asian countries:

1. Thailand
2. Vietnam
3. Cambodia
4. Laos
5. Indonesia
6. Philippines

The SCG Foundation and the MAIDS programme will seek to distribute one scholarship per country.

2. Scholarship Coverage

I) Living Expenses

- Roundtrip airfare (up to 25,000 baht)

- Housing (5,000 baht/month)

- Food (8,000 baht/month)

2) Education Costs

- Tuition Fees (Thai Scholar: 252,000 baht; International Scholar: 337,500 baht)

- Workshop and/or Fieldtrips (15,000 baht)

Total Scholarship Value

- Thai Scholarship: 464,800 baht/scholarship

- International Scholarship: 575,300 baht/scholarship

3. Scholarship Conditions:

I) Applicants must meet the minimum qualifications for MAIDS admission AND be admitted to the MAIDS program.

II) SCG Foundation Scholars are expected to graduate within the prescribed 12 month period (excluding the pre-session course). Students who are required to enroll in additional semester(s) will have to bear the additional cost of living and tuition fees.

III) SCG Foundation Scholars must not be employed - either part-time or full-time - during their studies/scholarship tenure.

IV) Following graduation, SCG Foundation Scholars are expected to return to work for their home governments for a period of two years.

4. MAIDS Program Admission Requirements:

I) Entry Requirements

- Applicants should possess a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degree in the social sciences with a Grade Point Average (GPA) of at least 3.0.

- Applicants should also have 2 years work experience in a related field. Mature students, junior to mid-level government officials with experience in development are encouraged to apply.

II) English Language Requirements

Candidates will be required to demonstrate an acceptable level of language proficiency. Applicants should have achieved an English language score of at least 6.0 on the British Council IELTS, 550 in the paper-based TOEFL, 213 in the computer-based TOEFL, or 550 in CU-TEP (Chulalongkorn University Test of English Proficiency). These three above-mentioned tests are the only ones excepted by Chulalongkorn University. Please also note English tests scores must be less than two years old at the time of application.

Please note that these scores, although a minimum requirement for admission, do not guarantee successful admission or completion of the program. The candidate should feel comfortable writing graduate-level academic essays and participating in class discussions in English.

5. Recruitment Procedure:

I) Application Deadline:

March 31st, 2010

II) Preliminary Applicant Screening:

April 2010

III) Short-listed Candidate Interviews:

April/May 2010

IV) Final Selection:

June 2010

V) Pre-session Course for Selected Students:

August/September 2010

VI) Program Commencement:

October 2010

For complete information and more details, please check the official website.Sumber: www.financeindonesia.org

Ethical marketing in the community, the consumer-oriented

M

ore than ever, macro marketing system the world has been closely linked. Broad thrust towards market-driven economy is dramatic evidence that the consumers want the freedom and choice not only in politics, but also in the market. Centralized economy was clearly unable to make ends meet.
Although there are a lot of talk about the world as a whole region, but not until we get there. A person who lives in Kenya may have a cell phone and watch TVserta get a glimpse of the quality of life enjoyed by the developed western societies, for they were all not feel real. The real thing is a struggle to meet the most basic necessities of life, for survival against hunger, malnutrition, and epidemic spread of water. Challenges faced by consumers and marketing manager in the advanced economies countries, by contrast, is not large.
In a relative sense, some consumers in the world can expect so much, and gained so much from what they expect. But is good that the companies give us what we want? When you think about the difference between the problems of hunger and too much fast food, it is not difficult for consumers to decide which one is more fortunate. However, if this is just a comparison between two groups of consumers? Is the situation in underdeveloped countries is an extreme? Will things get better if no member kta too great an emphasis on marketing? Do we really need so many brands of products? Is the amount of money spent on advertising really help consumers? Is it wrong if we look forward to ordering fast food at any time? And conversely, if all options are simply raise the price to be paid benaar consumers without actually giving any added value? In general, if the marketing is able to serve the public good dengaan?
The question is what will become a staple in this chapter. So that we can learn and hold a full marketing, what and how the contribution of marketing manager in the marketing process macro.
HOW SHOULD MARKETING evaluated?
Satisfaction and cost are the two criteria used to evaluate the impact of marketing. There is a conclusion that micro-marketing efforts undertaken by various individual companies often spend exorbitant fees, while the macro is not marketing.
The purpose of Evaluation Influence
Every nation has a social and economic goals are different. Dictatorship for example, very concerned about efforts to meet the needs of society as understood by the political elite. In socialist countries, the goal is to meet the needs of the community may be as defined by planners in government officials. In the U.S., the main purpose of the system of market-driven economy is to satisfy the needs of consumers as they are, the consumer, to understand. This objective implies that political freedom and economic freedom coexist and that the citizen in a free society have the right to live as they wish.
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION CAN be measured?
Therefore our goal of customer satisfaction, marketing effectiveness should be measured by how well it can satisfy consumer marketing. Already there are various ways to offer to measure the level of customer satisfaction one costomer American Satisfaction Index.
Individuals Subject to the satisfaction of Hope
Such indices enable effort tracking changes in consumer satisfaction measures from time to time and even allow for comparisons between countries. Demkian However, attempts to interpret the measure of satisfaction that there is a limit. One basic issue is that 1) satisfaction is relative and depends on the level of desire or expectation, 2) tend to increase the level of desire based on the success / failure, 3) customer satisfaction is a concept that is very personal, and assess the "average" satisfaction of the entire community does not provide a complete picture to evaluate the effectiveness of macro-marketing.
There are Many Ways of Measuring Marketing Effectiveness of Micro
Measures the marketing effectiveness of a particular company is also difficult, but it is possible to do. Individual business firms can and should attempt to measure how well their marketing mix to satisfy the customer (or why they fail). For measuring customer satisfaction can be used:
A. American costomer Satisfaction Index;
2. Attitude research studies;
3. Comment cards;
4. E-mail responses on the website;
5. Consumer responses / complaints;
6. Opinion of the sales force and intermediaries; H
7. acyl test the market and profit.
Although evaluating the effectiveness of marketing is difficult, but it is not impossible to do.
Micro marketing often takes time Cost Too High
Many companies are implementing marketing programs are successful, but others maih oriented and inefficient production. For the latter company, micro marketing is not uncommon to burden them with a very high cost. In general, marketing inefficiencies caused by one or more of the following three reasons:
A. Lack of interest or understanding of customers' tastes are fickle;
2. Merger-4P that does not fit in part due to the excessive emphasis on internal issues rather than customer-oriented;
3. Lack of understanding or adjustments to the marketing environment, especially with what is done by the competitor.
Macro Marketing Requires No Cost Too High
Critics often claim that the macro-marketing systems lead to poor resource utilization and pushing against the unfair distribution of income. Most of these complaints suggests that some marketing activities by individual Performance Management should not be allowed-and because of this, our macro marketing system to be less satisfactory.
Efforts to Assist Micro-Economic Growth
Furthermore, the critics think that the marketing lead to higher prices, restricted output and national income and the declining availability of jobs.
Advertising is a true waste of resources?
Advertising is a micro marketing activities that a lot of criticism. Many ads are disturbing, harassing, misleading and essentially ineffective. This is one reason micro marketing often requires a very high cost. However, advertising can also make the process of micro and macro marketing work better. Because advertising is a way to tell a lot about the prospects of a company's products.
Consumer is not Just Puppets
The idea that companies can manipulate consumers to buy whatever the company is not trying to correct production. In fact, many new products fail to pass the market test. Even large companies can not even guarantee that the new product launch will always succeed.
The desire and need for Change
Consumer wants and needs continue to change. So the task of marketing is not just satisfy existing customers at a time in history, but need to find a variety of new and better ways to create value and serve consumers.
Marketing Is Making People Materialistic?
No doubt that marketing raises materialistic values. However, people disagree on whether the marketing of these values ​​to create or attract only values ​​that already exist.
Reflecting the marketing value that we profess
Critics say that the marketing would promote wrong values-for example, the emphasis on sex appeal to get attention and generally sending the message that the most important is personal satisfaction. The experts who study the values ​​of the community agree that in the short term, reflecting the marketing of certain social values, whereas in the long run encourage and affirm those values. Furthermore, many companies struggle to find beliefs and values ​​held by their customers. Then they refused to use the ads that are potentially abusing their target customers are.
Improving the Quality of Life Products
It is clear, the quality of life can not be measured simply by the quantity of material goods. However, when we look at the product as a means to an end rather than an end in itself, the product does have the potential to meet the higher needs.
Not All It Needs Unmet
Some critics claim that our macro-marketing system flawed because it does not provide solutions a variety of important issues, such as the question of how to help people who have no homes, people are not educated and so on. No one doubts that many companies are focusing their efforts on those who can afford to pay for what they offer. However, because the forces of competition drive prices fall, more and more people able to buy what they need. Fit between supply and demand is stimulating economic growth, create jobs, and distribute income among more people. In other words, the market economy makes efficient use of resources. However, this can not guarantee that the government assistance program would be effective. This is an important societal issue. Consumer society in the State dekomratis give some responsibility to the world of business and partly to the government.
VARIOUS CHALLENGES FACED Marketers
Performance of business enterprises still leaves plenty of room for improvement. This presents a challenge for students and marketers.
A. Improve marketing performance so as to meet consumer needs and able to follow changes and trends is important.
2. Marketing managers must constantly evaluate their strategies to ensure that they are not lagging far behind competitors. The marketing manager must be able to pioneer a groundbreaking effort to find markets and new approaches that have a competitive advantage.
3. Marketing managers must be able to face the pressures of international competition.
4. Must be able to use technology wisely.
5. Must be able to build something of a higher quality and more secure as a social responsibility.
6. Need to work harder and smarter to find a variety of ways that satisfy consumer needs without compromising the environment.
7. Marketing managers must be able to give attention to the rights and privacy of consumers.

Security and safety

Health and safety at work is high workers' rights that must be met by the company in addition to other basic rights. Companies should realize and understand that the worker is not a resource that is constantly used, but as social beings who must be kept and observed that there are many risk factors and dangers in the workplace.

In addition to the company, the government was partly responsible for protecting the health and safety. Efforts made by the government to issue regulations governing the K3 are:

A. Act 1 of 1970 on Occupational Safety and Health (K3);

2. Permenaker No.05/Men/1996 on Health and Safety Management System (SMK3);

3. Law no. 13 of 2003 on Manpower; Article 86 and Article 87.

Goals and objectives contained in this SMK3 is creating a safety and health systems by involving elements of management, labor, working conditions and environment in order to prevent and reduce accidents and occupational diseases as well as the creation of a workplace that is safe, efficient and productive.

Health and Safety Management System (SMK3)

Health and Safety Management System (SMK3) is part of the overall management system which includes organizational structure, planning, responsibility, implementation, implementation, achievement, assessment and maintenance of safety and health policies in order to control the risks associated with work activities in order to the creation of workplaces that are safe, efficient and productive productive. (Permenaker PER.05/MEN/1996).

Figure 1. Key Element Management System K3

In the application of K3 Management System, the Company shall implement SMK3 5 key elements:

a. Commitment and Work Safety Policy and Kesehataan

Firm commitment to this can be seen from the presence of adequate resources; availability of budget, quality workforce and other facilities needed in the field of occupational safety and health; Establishing the personal who has the responsibility, authority and duties are clearly in the handling of occupational safety and health; occupational safety and health planning are coordinated; malakukan work assessment and follow up the implementation of occupational safety and health; Establish occupational health and safety policy and ensure commitment to the implementation of K3 Management System;

b. Plan

The company must make in order to achieve effective planning and successful implementation of K3 Management System activities with clear objectives and measurable yanng. Planning should include goals, objectives dann performance indicators applied by considering the source of hazard identification, assessment and appropriate risk control requirements of the applicable legislation and the implementation of the initial review of the safety and health.

c. Application / Implementation

In achieving the objectives of safety and health companies must appoint qualified personnel in accordance with the system implemented.

d. Measurement and Evaluation

Companies should have systems to measure, monitor and evaluate the performance of K3 Management System and the results should be analyzed to determine the success or to identify corrective actions.

e. Management Review

Regularly reviewing and improving the implementation of K3 Management System on an ongoing basis with the aim of improving safety and health performance. The review covers K3 manajamen System: Evaluation of the implementation of occupational safety and health policies; Objectives, targets and safety performance and health; audit findings K3 Management System: Evaluation of the effectiveness of the implementation of K3 Management System.

Consumer Complaint Behavior

If consumers are not satisfied with a product or service, what do they do? Consumer complaint behavior (consumer complaint behavior) is a term that encompasses all the different consumer action if they feel dissatisfied with a purchase. The researchers identified five behaviors common complaint, namely:

 

 

 

1. Retailers face a certain way.
2. Avoid the same retailers and persuade friends and family, to avoid the same retailer.
3. Take open action involving a third party (for example, launched an official action to obtain compensation).
4. Boycott a company or organization.
5. Create an alternative organization to provide goods or services.

 

 The first three behaviors - handle links related to the retailer, rather than degrading the brand or the store and ask friends to avoid it as well, as well as through third-party complaint - an open response to the problem of the products or services where consumers are demanding compensation, either personally punish the retailer by the withdrawal of business or by requiring some kind of reimbursement. This replacement can be in the form of money or a replacement product. Two recent behavior of more far-reaching. Instead of appealing only to their own business (hope not from your friends and family) that launched a consumer boycott of the general attempt to alter marketing practices and / or promote social change. Perhaps the most drastically the behavior is the last: creating a completely new organization to provide goods or services.

Behavioral model of consumer complaints to identify two main objectives to complain. First, consumers complained to cover economic losses. They may try to swap the product problems with other products, or trying to get their money back, either directly from the company / store and indirectly through legal action.

The second reason why consumers engage in legal action. The second reason why consumers engage in complaint behavior is to rebuild their self-image. Often the purchase of a product is tied to the buyer's self-image, so that when the product is less successful, then the person's self-image down. To improve self-image, consumers can use word of mouth communication is negative, stop buying because look at the brand, complain to the company or take legal action.

In accordance with its objectives, management information systems should be able to help everyone in need of decision making with more precise and accurate. But we realize that the various roles that belongs in the activity he is performing, everyone is trying to fulfill the duties and responsibilities assigned to him as well.In an attempt to solve a problem, problem solvers may make many decisions. Decision is a series of actions that need to be followed in solving the problem to avoid or mitigate negative impacts, or to take advantage of the opportunity. This condition is not easy with the growing complexity of the activity and the limited resources available. Moreover, the required information is not derived directly from the source. For the management of the user information need a support system (support systems) that can improve decision making, especially for conditions that are not structured or support system to a certain extent only. There are two important reasons why management needs a support system that is able to improve their decision making.

    The decision to build information systems that can meet the needs of upper management. By simply relying on management information systems without the help of its supporting systems, it is difficult for management, especially in the upper level to take strategic decisions. This is because generally the strategic decision-making is more of a policy with a broad impact and / or unstructured situations.
    The need to create a reporting and decision-making processes that have meaning (significance). Management here in the push for how to develop better reporting for the implementation of performance measurement activities and inform the various types of new decision-making. With the help of a support system that is prepared, then this will better enable management to get the reporting and decision-making process better.
Besides the two reasons stated above, there are several other reasons why the support systems needed to complement the existing management information system, namely:

1. To complement the management information system that is available is because this system will       certainly further accelerate the calculation. 
2.  To overcome the weaknesses of the existing management information systems, especially in the unstructured information present or information is only intended for upper-level management.
3. To enhance capabilities in processing and storage of data and information, reduce costs, support the technical aspects in the decision-making, and
4.  To support quality, and provide a competitive advantage for its users.

Database and Database Management Systems

Advances in computer technology allows organizations to collect and manage large amounts of data. Processing and computer storage have full power and comparatively cheap before the organization can effectively use information obtained during normal operations. Information from orders, financial transactions, manufacturing activities, human resources, government regulations, and other information from many sources together provide a model of all actions that affect the organization. The ability to store, retrieve, and this information manipuloasi memungkinkanorganisasi mengelol operations efficiently and effectively.Data is organized into files, each file contains the records, and each record consists of data elements (fields). Levels exists in the database concept. Data management is a subset of IRM that performs the function of collecting, testing and integrity, storage, maintenance, security, organization and retrieval of data. Secondary storage devices are of two types, namely sequential and direct access. User application to determine whether batch or online processing is used. Batch processing can be implemented using sequential storage media or direct access. While the online processing need direct access. The term used to describe the realtime online system that reacts to the physical system activity in fast enough to control the system.Database is a collection of all resources and the organization's computer-based database management system is a software application that stores the database structure, relationships between data in the database, as well as a variety of forms and reports with datbase berkitan it. The database is controlled by the database management system is a set of related data records and explain to each other.In the era before the database, system performance suffers because of the physical storage constraints. These difficulties are partially overcome by using inverted files and link list. Data in a database managed by database management system (DBMS). System was originally designed for the mainframe, which currently exist in the micro computer version and involves a relational structure.The first step is creating a database to determine data needs to follow a problem-oriented approach. Elements are then described in the data dictionary, and an explanation is communicated to the computer via a data description language (DDL) to generate the schema. Subskema reflect the needs of individual users. Having determined the scheme and subskema data can be entered. The user database can be either a person or an application program. People using the query language and programming using DML. DBMS to work with the operating system to provide a content database for the users.All DBMS have a DDL processor and database manager, but at the micro version usually does not include performance statistics module processor or backup / recovery. DBMS can reduce the repetition of data, to achieve the independence of the data, integrate data from multiple files, data or obtain information quickly, and improve security. The person in charge of the enterprise data resource called database manager (database administrator) - DBA. DBA has four areas of responsibility related to the database, including planning, penerapam, operations, and security. Some DBA DBA headed by a manager.Users of the database that can be involved in knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) such as data warehouse, data marts, and data mining. Data mining begins with a hypothesis based on the verification of the user about what he believes as a parameter query database. Data mining based on the findings to develop the ability of users to identify data patterns that are usually expected users. The discovery process in the development of the database is repeated, the repeated measures such as data acquisition, data cleaning, model search, and model predictions, to the needs of users is reached.